how to calculate kla, mixing time for mammalian cell culture like cho cell line

The volumetric mass transfer coefficient (Kla) and mixing time are important parameters in the design and optimization of bioreactors for mammalian cell culture, such as CHO cell lines.

To calculate Kla, one common method is to use the dynamic gassing-out method. In this method, a known volume of gas is injected into the bioreactor, and the rate of oxygen consumption by the cells is measured over time. The Kla can then be calculated using the following equation:

Kla = (d(DO) / dt) / (C*(S-X))

Where d(DO)/dt is the rate of oxygen consumption, C is the oxygen solubility in the liquid, S is the oxygen saturation concentration, and X is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the liquid.

To calculate mixing time, one common method is to use the "tracer response method". In this method, a small amount of a non-toxic tracer, such as fluorescein, is added to the bioreactor. The mixing time can then be calculated as the time taken for the tracer to be homogeneously distributed throughout the bioreactor.

It's worth noting that these methods are widely used but are not the only way to calculate kla and mixing time. Other methods such as the "gas pulse" method or "respirometry" can also be used to calculate kla, while the "pulsed field gradient" method or "Particle Image Velocimetry" (PIV) can also be used to calculate mixing time. Also, many commercial software and systems available to measure kla and mixing time.

In any case, it is important to keep in mind that these parameters can be affected by various factors such as the bioreactor design, the cell density, the medium composition, and the agitation rate, so it is important to optimize the culture conditions and the bioreactor design to achieve the best performance.

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